TITLE - MANAGING QUALITY IN A "GREEN" CONSTRUCTION PROJECT

TITLE - MANAGING QUALITY IN A "GREEN" CONSTRUCTION PROJECT

Chapter 01

1.1 Introduction

The environmental impact of human activity has been a source of controversy and concern for decades. Much of the focus over that time has been on impacts such as pollution and the destruction or degradation of wildlife habitats and ecosystems. Over the past several years, however, concerns have increased greatly about greenhouse gases, resource depletion, and degradation of ecological services such as water supply.

Green construction (CPM) is the overall planning, coordination, and control of a project from inception to completion aimed at meeting a client’s requirements in order to produce a functionally and financially viable project. CPM is project management that applies to the construction sector (3rd Forum”International Construction Project Management” 26th/27 June 2003 in Berlin).

The green construction planning (a primary US construction management certification and advocacy body) says the 120 most common responsibilities of a Construction Manager fall into the following 7 categories: Project Management Planning, Cost Management, Time Management, Quality Management, Contract Administration, Safety Management, and CM Professional Practice which includes specific activities like defining the responsibilities and management structure of the project management team, organizing and leading by implementing project controls, defining roles and responsibilities and developing communication protocols, and identifying elements of project design and construction likely to give rise to disputes and claims.

The construction, characteristics, operation, and demolition of buildings are increasingly recognized as a major source of environmental impact, including direct effects on humans:

• Buildings account for about a third of energy consumption world-wide, and 40%in the United States, with residential buildings contributing slightly more than half of that percentage. from 1980 to 2006, total building energy consumption in the United States increased more than 46%. Whether such growth rates will continue in the future is uncertain.

• Use of water by buildings in the United States grew by more than 26% between 1985 and 2005. Such increases in water use are occurring in the context of stresses to the water supply caused by recent droughts and growing concerns about drying trends in the climates of western states.

• Building demolition and construction accounted for 60% of nonindustrial waste tonnage in the United States in 1996, with about one-fourth recovered through processing or recycling.

• Buildings produce almost 40% of carbon dioxide emissions in the United States, with a projected increase in such emissions of more than 1% per year through 2030.

• Some characteristics of buildings are known to affect several aspects of human health and productivity, such as the incidence of allergies and respiratory illness.

Most people spend far more time inside buildings than outside, and the air in buildings often has substantially higher concentrations of pollutants than the air outside. “Sick building syndrome” has been estimated to affect as much as quarter of office workers. Temperature and lighting have been found to have significant effects on worker performance.

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